Studies of Cherenkov photon production in PbF₂ crystals using proton beams at Fermilab

Creators: Anderson, Thomas¹; Belloni, Alberto²; Cummings, Grace³; Eno, Sarah²; Fischer, Nora⁴; Guan, Liang⁵; Guo, Yuxiang⁵; Hirosky, Robert¹; Hirschauer, James³; Lai, Yihui²; Levin, Daniel⁵; Lin, Hui-Chi⁵; Paranjpe, Mekhala²; Qian, Jianming⁵; Zhou, Bing⁵; Zhu, Junjie⁵; Zhu, Ren-Yuan⁶

1. University of Virginia
2. University of Maryland, College Park
3. Fermilab
4. Howard University
5. University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
6. California Institute of Technology

Abstract

Future lepton colliders such as the FCC-ee, CEPC, ILC, or a muon collider will collect large data samples that allow precision physics studies with unprecedented accuracy, especially when the data is collected by innovative state-of-the-art detectors. An electromagnetic calorimeter based on scintillating crystals, designed to separately record Cherenkov and scintillation light, can achieve precision measurements of electrons and photons without sacrificing jet energy resolution, given adequate light collection efficiency and separation. This paper presents initial measurements from a program aimed at developing such a calorimeter system for future colliders. We focus on using PbF₂ crystals to enhance the understanding of Cherenkov light collection, marking the first step in this endeavor.

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Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank the staff at Fermilab’s test beam facility. This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy, United States Grant DE-SC0022045.

Funding

This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy, United States Grant DE-SC0022045.

Contributions

Thomas Anderson: Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Alberto Belloni: Data curation, Conceptualization. Grace Cummings: Writing – review & editing, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Sarah Eno: Resources, Project administration, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Conceptualization. Nora Fischer: Software, Formal analysis, Data curation. Liang Guan: Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Yuxiang Guo: Writing – original draft, Software, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Robert Hirosky: Supervision, Software, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. James Hirschauer: Supervision, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Yihui Lai: Supervision, Data curation, Conceptualization. Daniel Levin: Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Hui-Chi Lin: Validation, Software, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Mekhala Paranjpe: Validation, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Jianming Qian: Writing – original draft, Supervision, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Bing Zhou: Supervision, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Junjie Zhu: Writing – review & editing, Writing – original draft, Supervision, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Ren-Yuan Zhu: Supervision, Data curation, Conceptualization.

Data Availability

Data will be made available on request.

Additional details

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Resource type: Journal Article
Publisher: Elsevier
Published in: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1072, 170109, ISSN: 0168-9002.
Languages: English