Published December 29, 2023 | Version Published
Journal Article Open

Probing Small Bjorken-𝑥 Nuclear Gluonic Structure via Coherent 𝐽/𝜓 Photoproduction in Ultraperipheral Pb-Pb Collisions at √𝑠NN=5.02  TeV

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon California Institute of Technology

Abstract

Quasireal photons exchanged in relativistic heavy ion interactions are powerful probes of the gluonic structure of nuclei. The coherent 𝐽/𝜓 photoproduction cross section in ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions is measured as a function of photon-nucleus center-of-mass energies per nucleon (𝑊^(Pb)_(𝛾⁢N)) over a wide range of 40<𝑊Pb𝛾⁢N<400  GeV. Results are obtained using data at the nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.52  nb⁻¹. The cross section is observed to rise rapidly at low 𝑊^(Pb)_(𝛾⁢N), and plateau above 𝑊^(Pb)_(𝛾⁢N)≈40  GeV, up to 400  GeV, entering a new regime of small Bjorken-𝑥 (≈6×10⁻⁵) gluons being probed in a heavy nucleus. The observed energy dependence is not predicted by current quantum chromodynamic models.

Copyright and License

© 2023 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.

Acknowledgement

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); Colombian Funding Agency (MINICIENCIAS) (Colombia); Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport and Croatian Science Foundation (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); Ministry of Education and Research, Estonian Research Council via PRG780, PRG803, and PRG445 and European Regional Development Fund (Estonia); Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); General Secretariat for Research and Innovation (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); Ministry of Education and Science (Latvia); Lithuanian Academy of Sciences (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); Ministry of Science (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and Plan de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Principado de Asturias (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); Ministry of Science and Technology (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals were supported by the National Science Center (Poland), Grants No. 2015/19/N/ST2/02697 and No. 2018/28/T/ST2/00199.

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Identifiers

ISSN
1079-7114

Funding

Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research
FWF Austrian Science Fund
Fund for Scientific Research
Research Foundation - Flanders
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Ministry of Education and Science
Bulgarian Science Fund
European Organization for Nuclear Research
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación
Ministry of Science, Education and Sports
Croatian Science Foundation
Research and Innovation Foundation
Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
Ministry of Education and Research
Estonian Research Council
European Commission
Research Council of Finland
Ministry of Education and Culture
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
General Secretariat for Research and Technology
National Research, Development and Innovation Office
Department of Atomic Energy
Department of Science and Technology
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
Science Foundation Ireland
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
National Research Foundation of Korea
Ministry of Education and Science
Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
Ministry of Higher Education
University of Malaya
Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías
Laboratorio Nacional de Supercómputo del Sureste de Mexico
Secretariat of Public Education
Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
Ministry of Science and Higher Education
National Science Center
2015/19/N/ST2/02697
National Science Center
2018/28/T/ST2/00199
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Gobierno del Principado de Asturias
Ministry of Science, Technology and Research
ETH Zurich
Paul Scherrer Institute
Swiss National Science Foundation
University of Zurich
National Science and Technology Council
Thailand Science Research and Innovation
National Science and Technology Development Agency
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
Turkish Atomic Energy Authority
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Science and Technology Facilities Council
United States Department of Energy
National Science Foundation
Université Catholique de Louvain
Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Technical University of Sofia
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
Université Paris-Saclay
École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
RWTH Aachen University
University of Ioannina
Wigner Research Centre for Physics
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
University of Bari Aldo Moro
Scuola Normale Superiore
Sapienza University of Rome
University of Trieste
Kyungpook National University
Abdus Salam Centre for Physics
Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
Instituto de Física de Cantabria
Universidad de Cantabria
CSCS - Swiss National Supercomputing Centre
Middle East Technical University
Brunel University London
Imperial College London
Queen Mary University of London
Royal Holloway, University of London
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
University of Bristol
University of Glasgow
Baylor University
California Institute of Technology
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
Purdue University West Lafayette
University of California, San Diego
University of Colorado Boulder
University of Florida
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Vanderbilt University
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Ministry of Science
ETH Board
Canton Zurich
State Secretariat for Education and Research
Institut für Hochenergiephysik (HEPHY) using the Cloud Infrastructure Platform (CLIP), Vienna
Inter-University Institute for High Energies, Brussels
São Paulo Research and Analysis Center
Grille de Recherche d'Ile de France
Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
INFN CNAF, Bologna
Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro
Akademickie Centrum Komputerowe Cyfronet AGH, Krakow
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa
Port d'Informació Científica, Bellaterra
National Center for High-performance Computing (NCHC), Hsinchu City
National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov
Open Science Grid (OSG) Consortium
Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC), Pittsburgh
Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC), Austin

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