X-Ray Measurements of Noncapillary Spatial Fluctuations from a Liquid Surface

Creators: Fukuto, M.; Heilmann, R. K.; Pershan, P. S.; Griffiths, J. A.; Yu, S. M.; Tirrell, D. A.

Abstract

Off-specular diffuse x-ray scattering measurements on both pure water and a homogeneous Langmuir monolayer of poly- γ-benzyl- L-glutamate (PBLG) on water establish the validity of a proposed sum rule for scattering from capillary fluctuations on liquid surfaces. Excess scattering above the predicted capillary contribution is observed when the PBLG monolayer is compressed beyond its elastic limit. This is interpreted in terms of a second-layer inhomogeneity with a surface correlation length of ∼1000Å. Excess off-specular scattering can be used to probe interface correlation lengths from 100 Å to 1μm.

Additional Information

© 1998 American Physical Society. (Received 2 March 1998) The Harvard contribution to this work was supported by Grants No. NSF-DMR-95-23440 and No. NSF-DMR-94-00396. Work at the University of Massachusetts was supported by Grant No. NSF-DMR-95-10031. Beamline X22B at NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by No. DE-AC02-76CH00016.

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