Published August 12, 2024 | Published
Journal Article Open

Reply to Root-Bernstein: Increasing complexity allows for the pervasiveness of low-complexity entities and is not anthropocentric

  • 1. ROR icon Carnegie Institution for Science
  • 2. ROR icon Space Telescope Science Institute
  • 3. ROR icon California Institute of Technology
  • 4. ROR icon University of Colorado Boulder
  • 5. ROR icon Howard University
  • 6. ROR icon Blue Marble Space Institute of Science
  • 7. ROR icon Cornell University

Abstract

Root-Bernstein (1) argues that our usage of the terminology “selection for” (2) is not consistent with the picture of selection in evolutionary biology. We contend that this is a matter of semantics, for we agree that biological selection operates via diffuse, nonuniform survival/reproduction, and we do not invoke the requirement for “some agent” that drives nature toward a particular goal. Information is no more an agent of evolution than mass is an agent of gravity or entropy is an agent of the second law of thermodynamics; these are simply measurable parameters about the world that are useful for describing its regularities.

Copyright and License

© 2024 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

Contributions

M.L.W., J.I.L., and R.M.H. designed research; M.L.W., S.B., C.E.C., H.D., H.J.C., A.P., J.I.L., and R.M.H. performed research; and M.L.W., S.B., C.E.C., H.D., H.J.C., A.P., J.I.L., and R.M.H. wrote the paper.

Files

wong-et-al-2024-reply-to-root-bernstein-increasing-complexity-allows-for-the-pervasiveness-of-low-complexity-entities.pdf

Additional details

Created:
September 23, 2025
Modified:
September 23, 2025