3D-printed epifluidic electronic skin for machine learning–powered multimodal health surveillance
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1.
California Institute of Technology
Abstract
The amalgamation of wearable technologies with physiochemical sensing capabilities promises to create powerful interpretive and predictive platforms for real-time health surveillance. However, the construction of such multimodal devices is difficult to be implemented wholly by traditional manufacturing techniques for at-home personalized applications. Here, we present a universal semisolid extrusion–based three-dimensional printing technology to fabricate an epifluidic elastic electronic skin (e 3 -skin) with high-performance multimodal physiochemical sensing capabilities. We demonstrate that the e 3 -skin can serve as a sustainable surveillance platform to capture the real-time physiological state of individuals during regular daily activities. We also show that by coupling the information collected from the e 3 -skin with machine learning, we were able to predict an individual's degree of behavior impairments (i.e., reaction time and inhibitory control) after alcohol consumption. The e 3 -skin paves the path for future autonomous manufacturing of customizable wearable systems that will enable widespread utility for regular health monitoring and clinical applications.
Copyright and License
© 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).
Funding
This work was supported by NIH grants R01HL155815 (W.G.) and R21DK13266 (W.G.), NSF grant 2145802 (W.G.), Office of Naval Research grants N00014-21-1-2483 (W.G.) and N00014-21-1-2845 (W.G.), American Cancer Society Research Scholar grant RSG-21-181-01-CTPS (W.G.), NASA grant 80NSC22M0076 (W.G.), California Institute of Technology (Caltech) (W.G.), and College of Engineering International Postdoctoral Fellowship from Nanyang Technological University (R.Y.T.).
Contributions
Conceptualization: W.G., Y.S., and R.Y.T. Supervision: W.G. Methodology: W.G., Y.S., and R.Y.T. Investigation: Y.S., R.Y.T., J.L., C.X., J.M., E.S.S., G.K., W.H., and I.K. Writing—original draft: W.G., Y.S., R.Y.T., and C.X. Writing—review and editing: J.L., J.M., E.S.S., G.K., W.H., and I.K.
Data Availability
All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC10499321
- National Institutes of Health
- R01HL155815
- National Institutes of Health
- R21DK13266
- National Science Foundation
- ECCS-2145802
- Office of Naval Research
- N00014-21-1-2483
- Office of Naval Research
- N00014-21-1-2845
- American Cancer Society
- RSG-21-181-01-CTPS
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- 80NSC22M0076
- California Institute of Technology
- Nanyang Technological University