Gaia22dkvLb: A Microlensing Planet Potentially Accessible to Radial-velocity Characterization

Creators: Wu, Zexuan; Dong, Subo; Yi, Tuan; Liu, Zhuokai; El-Badry, Kareem¹; Gould, Andrew; Wyrzykowski, L.; Rybicki, K. A.; Bachelet, Etienne; Christie, Grant W.; de Almeida, L.; Monard, L. A. G.; McCormick, J.; Natusch, Tim; Zieliński, P.; Chen, Huiling; Huang, Yang; Liu, Chang; Mérand, A.; Mróz, Przemek; Shangguan, Jinyi; Udalski, Andrzej; Woillez, J.; Zhang, Huawei; Hambsch, Franz-Josef; Mikołajczyk, P. J.; Gromadzki, M.; Ratajczak, M.; Kruszyńska, Katarzyna; Ihanec, N.; Pylypenko, Uliana; Sitek, M.; Howil, K.; Zola, Staszek; Michniewicz, Olga; Zejmo, Michal; Lewis, Fraser; Bronikowski, Mateusz; Potter, Stephen; Andrzejewski, Jan; Merc, Jaroslav; Street, Rachel; Fukui, Akihiko; Figuera Jaimes, R.; Bozza, V.; Rota, P.; Cassan, A.; Dominik, M.; Tsapras, Y.; Hundertmark, M.; Wambsganss, J.; Bąkowska, K.; Słowikowska, A.

1. California Institute of Technology

Abstract

We report discovering an exoplanet from following up a microlensing event alerted by Gaia. The event Gaia22dkv is toward a disk source rather than the traditional bulge microlensing fields. Our primary analysis yields a Jovian planet with 𝑀p=0.59_(−0.05)^(+0.15) 𝑀J at a projected orbital separation 𝑟⊥ = 1.4_(−0.3)^(+0.8) au, and the host is a ∼1.1 M_⊙ turnoff star at ∼1.3 kpc. At 𝑟′ ≈ 14, the host is far brighter than any previously discovered microlensing planet host, opening up the opportunity to test the microlensing model with radial velocity (RV) observations. RV data can be used to measure the planet's orbital period and eccentricity, and they also enable searching for inner planets of the microlensing cold Jupiter, as expected from the "inner–outer correlation" inferred from Kepler and RV discoveries. Furthermore, we show that Gaia astrometric microlensing will not only allow precise measurements of its angular Einstein radius θ_E but also directly measure the microlens parallax vector and unambiguously break a geometric light-curve degeneracy, leading to the definitive characterization of the lens system.

Copyright and License

© 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

Acknowledgement

We thank Johanna Teske for stimulating the discussion and Wei Zhu's team for attempting to observe the event. This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China No. 2019YFA0405100, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 12133005), and the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with No. CMS-CSST-2021-B12. S.D. acknowledges the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE. R.A.S. and E.B. gratefully acknowledge funding from NASA award 80NSSC19K029. R.F.J. acknowledges support for this project provided by ANID's Millennium Science Initiative through grant ICN12_009, awarded to the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS), and by ANID's Basal project FB210003. Y.T. acknowledges the support of the DFG priority program SPP 1992 "Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets" (TS 356/3-1). This research uses data obtained through the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which has been funded by the TAP member institutes. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. These observations are associated with program 16871. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular, the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. This work uses observations made at the Observatorio do Pico dos Dias/LNA (Brazil). Some of the observations reported in this paper were obtained with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT). Polish participation in SALT is funded by grant No. MEiN nr 2021/WK/01. This project has received funding from the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 101004719 (OPTICON-RadioNet Pilot). This research was supported by the Polish National Science Centre grant No. 2017/25/B/ST9/02805. We acknowledge ESA Gaia, DPAC, and the Photometric Science Alerts Team (http://gsaweb.ast.cam.ac.uk/alerts).

Facilities

Gaia - , LCOGT - Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope, Magellan: Clay - (MIKE), Exoplanet Archive - -

Software References

PmPyeasy, DoPHOT, VBBinaryLensing, EMCEE, MIST, PyAstronomy, dynesty

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