Orbits of very distant asteroid satellites

Copyright and License

© The Authors 2025.

Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Acknowledgement

We wish to thank Harrison Agrusa for his very helpful commentary. The work by P.S. and P.P. was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, Grant 23-04946S. M.H. thanks the Slovak Grant Agency for Science VEGA (grant No. 2/0059/22) and M. Pikler for many observations. J.V. and Š.G. thank the Slovak Grant Agency for Science VEGA (grant 1/0530/22). TRAPPIST is funded by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) under the grant PDR T.0120.21. E.J. is a FNRS Senior Research Associate. Observational work at the Sopot Observatory in Serbia by V. Benishek was generously supported by Shoemaker NEO Grants in 2018 and 2022 from the Planetary Society. Work at Sugarloaf Mountain Observatory was also made possible by Gene Shoemaker NEO grants from the Planetary Society. This research has made use of the Keck Observatory Archive (KOA), which is operated by the W.M. Keck Observatory and the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI), under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at Keck Observatory, which is a private 501(c)3 non-profit organization operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the Native Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which was operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy and Germany. LBT Corporation Members are: The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona Board of Regents; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy; LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max-Planck Society, The Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam, and Heidelberg University; The Ohio State University, representing OSU, University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and University of Virginia. This publication has made use of the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre moving object search tool (Gwyn et al. 2012). This research used the Miriade (Berthier et al. 2009), SsODNet (Berthier et al. 2023), and TOPCAT (Taylor 2005) Virtual Observatory tools. Some of the work presented here is based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO program 074.C-0052 and 089.C-0944 (PI Marchis), 71.C-0669, 072.C-0753 (PI:Merline). This research is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5–26555. These observations are associated with program(s) 10165 and 9747.

Additional Information

Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 074.C-0052, 71.C-0669, 072.C-0753.