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Published July 20, 2023 | Version Published
Journal Article Open

The GLASS-JWST Early Release Science Program. III. Strong-lensing Model of Abell 2744 and Its Infalling Regions

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon University of Milan
  • 2. ROR icon Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano
  • 3. ROR icon University of Ferrara
  • 4. ROR icon Technical University of Munich
  • 5. ROR icon Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
  • 6. ROR icon University of Salerno
  • 7. ROR icon Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte
  • 8. ROR icon University of Copenhagen
  • 9. ROR icon University of California, Los Angeles
  • 10. ROR icon National Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • 11. ROR icon Trieste Astronomical Observatory
  • 12. ROR icon University of Melbourne
  • 13. ROR icon Centre of Excellence for All-Sky Astrophysics
  • 14. ROR icon University of Ljubljana
  • 15. ROR icon University of California, Davis
  • 16. ROR icon Astronomical Observatory of Rome
  • 17. ROR icon Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
  • 18. ROR icon Johns Hopkins University
  • 19. ROR icon Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
  • 20. ROR icon University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • 21. ROR icon National Astronomical Observatories
  • 22. ROR icon Beijing Normal University
  • 23. ROR icon Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe

Abstract

We present a new high-precision, JWST-based, strong-lensing model for the galaxy cluster Abell 2744 at z = 0.3072. By combining the deep, high-resolution JWST imaging from the Grism Lens Amplified Survey from Space–JWST and Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam Observations before the Epoch of Reionization programs and a Director's Discretionary Time program, with newly obtained Very Large Telescope/Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data, we identify 32 multiple images from 11 background sources lensed by two external subclusters at distances of ∼160'' from the main cluster. The new MUSE observations enable the first spectroscopic confirmation of a multiple-image system in the external clumps. Moreover, the reanalysis of the spectrophotometric archival and JWST data yields 27 additional multiple images in the main cluster. The new lens model is constrained by 149 multiple images (∼66% more than in our previous model) covering an extended redshift range between 1.03 and 9.76. The subhalo mass component of the cluster includes 177 member galaxies down to mF160W = 21, of which 163 are spectroscopically confirmed. Internal velocity dispersions are measured for 85 members. The new lens model is characterized by a remarkably low scatter between the predicted and observed positions of the multiple images (043). This precision is unprecedented given the large multiple-image sample, the complexity of the cluster mass distribution, and the large modeled area. The improved precision and resolution of the cluster total mass distribution provides a robust magnification map over a ∼30 arcmin2 area, which is critical for inferring the intrinsic physical properties of the highly magnified, high-z sources. The lens model and the new MUSE redshift catalog are released with this publication.

Copyright and License

© 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

Acknowledgement

The authors thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments which improved the manuscript. Support for program JWST ERS-1324 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127. The Hubble Frontier Field program (HFF) and the Beyond Ultra-deep Frontier Fields And Legacy Observations (BUFFALO) are based on the data made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. ACS was developed under NASA Contract NAS 5-32864. Based also on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory for Astronomical research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programs with IDs 094.A-0115 (PI: Richard). We acknowledge financial support through grant Nos. PRIN-MIUR 2015W7KAWC, 2017WSCC32, and 2020SKSTHZ. A.A. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101024195ROSEAU. G.B.C. thanks the Max Planck Society for support through the Max Planck Research Group for S. H. Suyu and the academic support from the German Centre for Cosmological Lensing. M.M. acknowledges support from the Italian Space Agency (ASI) through contract "Euclid—Phase D." We acknowledge funding from the INAF "main-stream" grant Nos. 1.05.01.86.20 and 1.05.01.86.31. We acknowledge support from the INAF Large Grant 2022 "Extragalactic Surveys with JWST" (PI: Pentericci). This research is supported in part by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), through project No. CE170100013. T

Facilities

JWST(NIRCam) - James Webb Space Telescope, JWST(NIRISS) - James Webb Space Telescope, VLT(MUSE) - , HST(ACS) - , HST(WFC3) -

Data Availability

he GLASS-JWST data are associated with doi:10.17909/mrt6-wm89 (NIRCam) and doi:10.17909/9a2g-sj78 (NIRSpec). The UNCOVER NIRcam data are associated with doi:10.17909/zn4s-0243. The JWST data from the DDT program 2756 are associated with doi:10.17909/te6f-cg91.

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Additional details

Identifiers

ISSN
1538-4357

Funding

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
JWST ERS-1324
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAS 5-03127
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAS 5-26555
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAS 5-32864
Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito
2015W7KAWC
Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito
2017WSCC32
Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito
2020SKSTHZ
European Research Council
Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship 101024195
Max Planck Society
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
1.05.01.86.20
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
1.05.01.86.31
National Institute for Astrophysics
Australian Research Council
CE170100013
NASA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy
NAS 5-03127

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Caltech groups
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC)