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Published July 15, 2023 | Published
Journal Article Open

Comparison of post-Minkowskian and self-force expansions: Scattering in a scalar charge toy model

Abstract

We compare numerical self-force results and analytical fourth-order post-Minkowskian (PM) calculations for hyperbolic-type scattering of a pointlike particle carrying a scalar charge Q off a Schwarzschild black hole, showing a remarkably good agreement. Specifically, we numerically compute the scattering angle including the full O(Q²) scalar-field self-force term (but ignoring the gravitational self-force), and we compare with analytical expressions obtained in a PM framework using scattering-amplitude methods. This example provides a nontrivial, high-precision test of both calculation methods and illustrates the complementarity of the two approaches in the context of the program to provide high-precision models of gravitational two-body dynamics. Our PM calculation is carried out through 4PM order, i.e., including all terms through O(Q²G³). At the fourth post-Minkowskian order the point-particle description involves two a priori undetermined coefficients, due to contributions from tidal effects in the model under consideration. These coefficients are chosen to align the post-Minkowskian results with the self-force ones.

Copyright and License

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. 

Funded by SCOAP3.

Acknowledgement

We thank Misha Ivanov, Rafael Porto, Zihan Zhou for useful discussion. We are especially grateful to Thibault Damour for detailed discussions on the mass polynomiality of the impulse. We would also like to thank Benjamin Leather for providing the code used to generate Fig. 1. This research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Grants No. DE-SC0009937, No. DE-SC00019066, No. DE-SC0011632 and No. DE-SC0009919 and in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY-1748958. In relation to the latter support, we thank the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics for their hospitality, where this paper was initiated. M. Z.'s work is supported in part by the U.K. Royal Society through Grant No. URF\R1\20109. J. P.-M. would like to thank the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques and the Korea Institute for Advanced Study, for their hospitality while this work was being completed. M. P. S. is supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. We are also grateful to the Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics for support. We acknowledge the use of the IRIDIS High-Performance Computing Facility, and associated support services at the University of Southampton, in the completion of this work. This work makes use of the Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit [143].

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Additional details

Created:
October 13, 2023
Modified:
October 13, 2023