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Published February 2023 | Version Published
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Quantum Gravity in the Lab. II. Teleportation by Size and Traversable Wormholes

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Abstract

In Brown et al. [PRX Quantum, TBA, TBA (2023)], we discuss how holographic quantum gravity may be simulated using quantum devices and we give a specific proposal—teleportation by size and the phenomenon of size winding. Here, we elaborate on what it means to do quantum gravity in the lab and how size winding connects to bulk gravitational physics and traversable wormholes. Perfect size winding is a remarkable fine-grained property of the size wave function of an operator; we show from a bulk calculation that this property must hold for quantum systems with a nearly AdS₂ bulk. We then examine in detail teleportation by size in three systems—the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, random matrices, and spin chains—and discuss prospects for realizing these phenomena in near-term quantum devices.

Additional Information

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. We thank Patrick Hayden, Bryce Kobrin, Richard Kueng, Misha Lukin, Chris Monroe, Geoff Penington, John Preskill, Xiaoliang Qi, Thomas Schuster, Douglas Stanford, Alexandre Streicher, Zhenbin Yang, and Norman Yao for fruitful discussions. We also thank Iris Cong, Emil Khabiboulline, Harry Levine, Misha Lukin, Hannes Pichler, and Cris Zanoci for collaboration on related work. H.G. is supported by the Simons Foundation through the It from Qubit collaboration. H.L. is supported in part by a Department of Defense (DoD) National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship. G.S. is supported by Department of Energy (DOE) award Quantum Error Correction and Spacetime Geometry Grant No. DE-SC0018407, the Simons Foundation via It From Qubit, and the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter (IQIM) at Caltech (National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. PHY-1733907). L.S. is supported by NSF Award No. 1316699. B.S. acknowledges support from the Simons Foundation via It From Qubit and from the DOE via the GeoFlow consortium. M.W. is supported by a Dutch Research Council Veni Grant No. 680-47-459. S.N. is supported by the Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics and IQIM at Caltech. The work of G.S. was performed before joining Amazon Web Services. Note added.— Recently, we learned of an independent investigation of the role of operator spreading in wormhole-inspired teleportation protocols by Schuster et al. [51].

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Additional details

Identifiers

Eprint ID
120522
Resolver ID
CaltechAUTHORS:20230328-705664700.19

Related works

Describes
10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010321 (DOI)

Funding

Simons Foundation
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship
Department of Energy (DOE)
DE-SC0018407
NSF
PHY-1733907
NSF
PHY-1316699
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)
680-47-459
Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, Caltech
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter (IQIM)

Dates

Created
2023-05-09
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Updated
2023-05-09
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Caltech groups
AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics