Impact of selection biases on tests of general relativity with gravitational-wave inspirals

We thank Reed Essick for helpful discussions. We thank Leo Tsukada for discussions on gstlal. The Flatiron Institute is funded by the Simons Foundation. K. C. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. PHY-2110111. G. P. gratefully acknowledges support from Royal Society University Research Fellowship No. URF\R1\221500 and No. RF\ERE\221015. LIGO was constructed by the California Institute of Technology and Massachusetts Institute of Technology with funding from the National Science Foundation and operates under Cooperative Agreement No. PHY-1764464. This research has made use of data, software and/or web tools obtained from the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center, a service of LIGO Laboratory, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration. Virgo is funded by the French Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), the Italian Istituto Nazionale della Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and the Dutch Nikhef, with contributions by Polish and Hungarian institutes. This material is based upon work supported by NSF’s LIGO Laboratory which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors are grateful for computational resources provided by the LIGO Laboratory and supported by NSF Grants No. PHY-0757058 and No. PHY-0823459. This research has made use of data or software obtained from the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center, a service of LIGO Laboratory, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and KAGRA. This paper carries LIGO Document No. LIGO-P2300381. The filtering was performed with the gstlal library [44–47], built on the lalsuite software library [78]. Our hierarchical analysis utilizes numpyro [79,80], JAX [81], astropy [82–84], numpy [85], and scipy [86]. The plots shown in this work use matplotlib [87], seaborn [88], arViz [89], and corner [90].