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Published November 2024 | Version Published
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Study of time resolution measurements and prospects for energy resolution of an ultra-compact sampling calorimeter (RADiCAL) module at EM shower maximum over the energy range 25 GeV 150 GeV

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon California Institute of Technology

Abstract

The RADiCAL Collaboration is conducting R&D on high performance electromagnetic (EM) calorimetry to address the challenges expected in future collider experiments under conditions of high luminosity and/or high irradiation (FCC-ee, FCC-hh, fixed target and forward physics environments). Under development is a sampling calorimeter approach, known as RADiCAL modules, based on scintillation, wavelength-shifting (WLS) technologies and photosensor, including SiPM or SiPM-like technology. The modules discussed herein consist of alternating layers of very dense tungsten (W) absorber and scintillating crystal Lutetium Yttrium Orthosilicate LYSO(Ce) plates, assembled to a depth of 25 X0. The scintillation signals produced by the EM showers in the region of EM shower maximum (shower max) are transmitted to SiPM located at the upstream/downstream ends of the modules via quartz capillaries which penetrate the full length of the module. The capillaries contain DSB1 organic plastic WLS filaments positioned within the region of shower max, where the shower energy deposition is greatest, then fused with quartz rod elsewhere. The wavelength shifted light from this spatially-localized shower max region is then propagated to the photosensors. This paper presents the results of an initial measurement of the time resolution of a RADiCAL module over the energy range 25 GeV ≤ E ≤ 150 GeV using the H2 electron beam at CERN. The data indicate an energy dependence of the time resolution that follows the functional form: σt=a/E⊕b, where a = 256 GeV ps and b = 17.5 ps. The time resolution measured at the highest electron beam energy for which data was currently recorded (150 GeV) was found to be σt = 27 ps.

Copyright and License

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. under a Creative Commons license.

Acknowledgement

We thank the CERN SPS Coordination Team for their expert assistance in providing excellent beam conditions and logistics to make the experimental tests described above very successful. And We thank colleagues from the COMPASS experiment for the loan of Pb glass detectors which were used for backing calorimetry.

Funding

This is work has been supported in part by: US DOE grant DE-SC0017810, US NSF grant NSF-PHY-1914059, the University of Notre Dame, United States through its Resilience and Recovery Grant Program, and QuarkNet for high school teacher and student participation.
This work was supported by Yildiz Technical University BAP Coordination Unit Grant No FBI-2023-5912.

Data Availability

Data will be made available on request.

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Additional details

Funding

United States Department of Energy
DE-SC0017810
National Science Foundation
NSF-PHY-1914059
Yıldız Technical University
FBI-2023-5912

Dates

Accepted
2024-08-10
Accepted
Available
2024-08-12
Published online
Available
2024-08-27
Version of Record

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Publication Status
Published