Physics-based Simulation of the 2013 April 11 Solar Energetic Particle Event

The authors sincerely thank the anonymous reviewer for the time and effort devoted to improving this paper. This work is supported by NASA Living With a Star (LWS) Strategic Capability project under NASA grant 80NSSC22K0892 (SCEPTER), NASA Space Weather Center of Excellence program under award 80NSSC23M0191 (CLEAR), NASA grant 80NSSC21K1124, NSF ANSWERS grant GEO-2149771 and NASA LWS grant 80NSSC20K1778. Dr. Bruno also acknowledges support by NASA under award 80GSFC24M0006. The authors express their great gratitude to the SOHO project, an international cooperation between ESA and NASA, and to the SDO, STEREO, ACE, GOES, and PSP teams. The authors acknowledge the development of StereoCAT (see footnote 12) for CME analysis, as well as the DONKI (see footnote 13), CDAW (see footnote 14), and OMNI (see footnote 17) data sets. The authors also thank the Virtual Solar Observatory (VSO, see footnote 19) project at the National Solar Observatory (NSO), which serves as a research tool allowing scientists to search for the solar and heliospheric physics data. This work utilizes data from the NSO Integrated Synoptic Program, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation and with additional financial support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the United States Air Force. The GONG (see footnote 10) network of instruments is hosted by the Big Bear Solar Observatory (USA), High Altitude Observatory (USA), Learmonth Solar Observatory (Australia), Udaipur Solar Observatory (India), Instituto de Astrofìsica de Canarias (Spain), and Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (Chile). Computational resources supporting this work are provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program²¹ through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at the Ames Research Center. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.