Cosmology from LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Data Release 2: Cross-correlations with luminous red galaxies from eBOSS

Copyright and License

© The Authors 2025.

Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Acknowledgement

We thank eBOSS collaboration and David Alonso, Julian Bautista, Cheng Zhao, Minas Karamanis for insightful discussions. JZ acknowledge support by the project “NRW-Cluster for data intensive radio astronomy: Big Bang to Big Data (B3D) “funded through the programme “Profilbildung 2020”, an initiative of the Ministry of Culture and Science of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia.” PT acknowledges the support of the RFIS grant (No. 12150410322) by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). GBZ is supported by the National Key R & D Program of China (2023YFA1607800, 2023YFA1607803), NSFC grants 11925303 and 11890691, by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (No. YSBR-092), by science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with No. CMS-CSST-2021-B01, and the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER prize. DJS acknowledges support from the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) ErUM-Pro grant 05A20PB1 and Ministerium für Kultur und Wissenschaft des Landes Nordrhein-Westfahlen Profilbildung 2020 grant B3D. CH’s work is funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. CH acknowledges additional support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy EXC 2181/1 - 390900948 (the Heidelberg STRUCTURES Excellence Cluster). SC acknowledges support from the Italian Ministry of University and Research, PRIN 2022 ‘EXSKALIBUR – Euclid-Cross-SKA: Likelihood Inference Building for Universe Research’, from the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (grant no. ZA23GR03), and from the European Union – Next Generation EU. SJN is supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) through grant AST-2108402. MP acknowledges support from the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) ErUM-IFT 05D23PB1. LOFAR is the Low Frequency Array designed and constructed by ASTRON. It has observing, data processing, and data storage facilities in several countries, which are owned by various parties (each with their own funding sources), and which are collectively operated by the ILT foundation under a joint scientific policy. The ILT resources have benefited from the following recent major funding sources: CNRS-INSU, Observatoire de Paris and Université d’Orléans, France; BMBF, MIWF-NRW, MPG, Germany; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Department of Business, Enterprise and Innovation (DBEI), Ireland; NWO, The Netherlands; The Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland; The Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italy. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey V has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Heising-Simons Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. SDSS telescopes are located at Apache Point Observatory, funded by the Astrophysical Research Consortium and operated by New Mexico State University, and at Las Campanas Observatory, operated by the Carnegie Institution for Science. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org. SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration, including Caltech, The Carnegie Institution for Science, Chilean National Time Allocation Committee (CNTAC) ratified researchers, The Flatiron Institute, the Gotham Participation Group, Harvard University, Heidelberg University, The Johns Hopkins University, L’Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Nanjing University, National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC), New Mexico State University, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), the Stellar Astrophysics Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Toronto, University of Utah, University of Virginia, Yale University, and Yunnan University. This research was conducted using Python 3 (Van Rossum & Drake 2009) along with several key software packages that were crucial for our analysis, including: healpy (Zonca et al. 2019), HEALPix (Gorski et al. 1999; Górski et al. 2005), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018, 2022), pymaster (Alonso et al. 2019), pyccl (Chisari et al. 2019), getdist (Lewis 2019), NumPy (Harris 2020), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), IPython (Perez & Granger 2007), Pandas (McKinney 2010), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), and seaborn (Waskom 2021).