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Published January 2022 | Supplemental Material + Published
Journal Article Open

The mantle source of basalts from Reunion Island is not more oxidized than the MORB source mantle

Abstract

Glasses quenched from relatively undegassed ocean island magmas erupted from volcanoes at Iceland, Hawaii, the Canary Islands, and Erebus have elevated Fe³⁺/∑Fe ratios compared to glasses quenched from mid-ocean ridge basalts. This has been ascribed to elevated fO₂ of their mantle sources, plausibly due to subducted, oxidized near-surface-derived components in their mantle sources. The basaltic magmas from Reunion Island in the Indian ocean have Sr–Nd-Hf-Pb-Os isotopic compositions suggesting that their mantle sources contain little or no subducted near-surface materials and contain the C/FOZO/PREMA mantle component. To constrain the fO₂ of the C/FOZO/PREMA mantle component and test the link between oxidized OIB and recycled surface-derived materials in their sources, we measured major and volatile element abundances and Fe³⁺/∑Fe ratios of naturally glassy, olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Piton de La Fournaise volcano, La Reunion. We conclude that the fO₂ of the mantle source of these Reunion lavas is lower than of the mantle sources of primitive, undegassed magmas from Hawaii, Iceland, the Canary Islands, and Mt. Erebus, and indistinguishable from that of the Indian-ocean upper mantle. This finding is consistent with previous suggestions that the source of Reunion lavas (and the C/FOZO/PREMA mantle component) contains little or no recycled materials and with the suggestion that recycled oxidized materials contribute to the high fO₂ of some other OIBs, especially those from incompatible-element-enriched mantle sources. Simple mixing models between oxidized melts of EM1 and HIMU components and relatively reduced melts of DMM can explain the isotopic compositions and Fe³⁺/∑Fe ratios of lavas from Hawaii, Iceland, the Canary Islands, and Mount Erebus; this model can be tested by study of additional OIB magmas, including those rich in the EM2 component.

Additional Information

© The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received 16 August 2021; Accepted 26 November 2021; Published 17 December 2021. We are grateful to have received constructive reviews from Fabrice Gaillard and Brad Peters that improved this manuscript. We are also grateful for the careful handling of editor Dante Canil. We thank Pascal Richet for generously providing sample for this study. We thank C. Ma for assistance in microprobe analyses, and L. Saper for discussion of Fe and S redox, at the California Institute of Technology. We also thank A. Lanzirotti and M. Newville for assistance in beamline operations at Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory (APS ANL). Portions of this work were performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (The University of Chciago, Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation – Earth Sciences (EAR-1634415) and Department of Energy – GeoSciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

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Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 23, 2023