Published January 2025 | Version Published
Journal Article Open

Search for New Resonances Decaying to Pairs of Merged Diphotons in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Creators

  • 1. Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
  • 2. Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Vienna, Austria
  • 3. Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
  • 4. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
  • 5. Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
  • 6. Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • 7. Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
  • 8. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • 9. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • 10. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 11. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • 12. University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • 13. Instituto De Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica, Chile
  • 14. Beihang University, Beijing, China
  • 15. Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
  • 16. Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
  • 17. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
  • 18. Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
  • 19. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
  • 20. Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
  • 21. Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) - Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  • 22. Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
  • 23. Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
  • 24. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
  • 25. University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Split, Croatia
  • 26. University of Split, Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
  • 27. Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
  • 28. University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
  • 29. Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 30. Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
  • 31. Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
  • 32. Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
  • 33. Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU), Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
  • 34. National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
  • 35. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
  • 36. Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
  • 37. Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
  • 38. IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • 39. Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
  • 40. Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
  • 41. Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I), Villeurbanne, France
  • 42. Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • 43. RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
  • 44. RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
  • 45. RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
  • 46. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
  • 47. University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
  • 48. Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • 49. Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
  • 50. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • 51. National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • 52. University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina, Greece
  • 53. HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
  • 54. MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
  • 55. Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
  • 56. Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
  • 57. Karoly Robert Campus, MATE Institute of Technology, Gyongyos, Hungary
  • 58. Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
  • 59. University of Delhi, Delhi, India
  • 60. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
  • 61. Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
  • 62. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
  • 63. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
  • 64. National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  • 65. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
  • 66. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
  • 67. Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
  • 68. University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
  • 69. INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
  • 70. Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
  • 71. Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
  • 72. INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  • 73. Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  • 74. INFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
  • 75. Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
  • 76. INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
  • 77. Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
  • 78. INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
  • 79. INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
  • 80. Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
  • 81. INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
  • 82. Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
  • 83. INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
  • 84. Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
  • 85. Università della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
  • 86. INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • 87. Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • 88. INFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
  • 89. Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
  • 90. INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
  • 91. Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
  • 92. INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
  • 93. Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
  • 94. Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
  • 95. Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
  • 96. INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
  • 97. Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
  • 98. INFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
  • 99. Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
  • 100. Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
  • 101. INFN Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • 102. Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • 103. Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
  • 104. Department of Mathematics and Physics -, GWNU, Gangneung, Korea
  • 105. Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
  • 106. Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
  • 107. Korea University, Seoul, Korea
  • 108. Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
  • 109. Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
  • 110. Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
  • 111. University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
  • 112. Yonsei University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
  • 113. Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
  • 114. College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East (AUM), Dasman, Kuwait
  • 115. Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
  • 116. University of Latvia (LU), Riga, Latvia
  • 117. Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
  • 118. National Centre for Particle Physics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 119. Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo, Mexico
  • 120. Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 121. Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 122. Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
  • 123. University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
  • 124. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
  • 125. National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 126. AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, Krakow, Poland
  • 127. National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
  • 128. Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • 129. Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  • 130. Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
  • 131. Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • 132. VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • 133. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
  • 134. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • 135. Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias (ICTEA), Oviedo, Spain
  • 136. Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
  • 137. University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  • 138. University of Ruhuna, Department of Physics, Matara, Sri Lanka
  • 139. CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 140. Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
  • 141. ETH Zurich, - Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
  • 142. Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
  • 143. National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
  • 144. National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
  • 145. High Energy Physics Research Unit, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 146. Çukurova University, Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
  • 147. Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey
  • 148. Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 149. Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 150. Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 151. Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 152. Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • 153. National Science Centre, Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • 154. University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
  • 155. Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
  • 156. Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
  • 157. Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
  • 158. Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
  • 159. Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
  • 160. The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
  • 161. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • 162. Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
  • 163. University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
  • 164. University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • 165. University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
  • 166. University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
  • 167. University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California, USA
  • 168. ROR icon California Institute of Technology
  • 169. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
  • 170. University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • 171. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • 172. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • 173. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
  • 174. Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
  • 175. Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
  • 176. University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA, Chicago, USA
  • 177. The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
  • 178. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
  • 179. The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
  • 180. Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
  • 181. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
  • 182. University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
  • 183. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  • 184. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
  • 185. University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
  • 186. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
  • 187. State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
  • 188. Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • 189. Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
  • 190. University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
  • 191. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
  • 192. Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
  • 193. University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, USA
  • 194. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
  • 195. Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, Indiana, USA
  • 196. Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
  • 197. University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
  • 198. The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
  • 199. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
  • 200. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
  • 201. Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
  • 202. Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
  • 203. Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
  • 204. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
  • 205. Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
  • 206. University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
  • 207. An institute or international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with, CERN

Abstract

A search is presented for an extended Higgs sector with two new particles, X and ϕ, in the process X→ϕϕ→(γγ)(γγ). Novel neural networks classify events with diphotons that are merged and determine the diphoton masses. The search uses LHC proton-proton collision data at s=13  TeV collected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb−1. No evidence of such resonances is seen. Upper limits are set on the production cross section for mX between 300 and 3000 GeV and mϕ/mX between 0.5% and 2.5%, representing the most sensitive search in this channel. © 2025 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration 2025 CERN

Copyright and License

© 2025 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Acknowledgement

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments forthe excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).

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Additional details

Funding

Federal Ministry for Education and Women
FWF Austrian Science Fund
Fund for Scientific Research
Research Foundation - Flanders
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Ministry of Education and Science
Bulgarian Science Fund
European Organization for Nuclear Research
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Ministry of Science, Education and Sports
Croatian Science Foundation
Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
European Research Council
Research Council of Finland
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation
Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
National Research, Development and Innovation Office
Department of Atomic Energy
Department of Science and Technology
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
Science Foundation Ireland
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
National Research Foundation of Korea
Ministry of Education and Science
Ministry of Education
University of Malaya
Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías
Laboratorio Nacional de Supercómputo del Sureste de Mexico
Secretariat of Public Education
Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
National Science Center
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Ministry of Science, Technology and Research
Thailand Science Research and Innovation
National Science and Technology Development Agency
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Science and Technology Facilities Council
United States Department of Energy
National Science Foundation
UCLouvain
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Institute of High Energy Physics
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
RWTH Aachen University
University of Ioannina
Wigner Research Centre for Physics
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Kyungpook National University
Quaid-i-Azam University
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
Instituto de Física de Cantabria
CSCS - Swiss National Supercomputing Centre
Middle East Technical University
Brunel University London
Imperial College London
Queen Mary University of London
Royal Holloway University of London
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
University of Bristol
University of Glasgow
University of Oxford
Baylor University
California Institute of Technology
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
Purdue University West Lafayette
San Diego Supercomputer Center
University of California, San Diego
University of Colorado Boulder
University of Florida
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Vanderbilt University
SC, Armenia
MINCIENCIAS, Colombia
RIF, Cyprus
RVTT3
MoER TK202
MEC, Finland
HIP, Finland
GSRI, Greece
LMTLT, Lithuania
MOS, Montenegro
MES, Poland
PCTI, Spain
Swiss Funding Agencies
MST, Taipei
Institut für Hochenergiephysik (HEPHY) using the Cloud Infrastructure Platform (CLIP), Vienna
Inter-University Institute for High Energies
São Paulo Research and Analysis Center, São Paulo
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Grille de Recherche d'Ile de France
Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris
INFN CNAF, Bologna
INFN Sezione di Bari, Università di Bari, Politecnico di Bari, Bari
INFN Sezione di Pisa, Università di Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa
INFN Sezione di Roma, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome
INFN Sezione di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Trieste
Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro
Akademickie Centrum Komputerowe Cyfronet AGH, Krakow
National Centre for Nuclear Research
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas
Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute'
A.I. Alikhanov of NRC 'Kurchatov Institute'
Port d'Informació Científica
Instrumentation and Detector Consortium, Taipei
National Center for High-performance Computing
National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology
Open Science Grid (OSG) Consortium
Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center
Texas Advanced Computing Center

Dates

Accepted
2024-11-07
Accepted
Available
2025-01-30
Published online

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