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Published March 2024 | Published
Journal Article

Confirmation of a Sub-Saturn-size Transiting Exoplanet Orbiting a G Dwarf: TOI-1194 b and a Very Low Mass Companion Star: TOI-1251 B from TESS

Abstract

We report the confirmation of a sub-Saturn-size exoplanet, TOI-1194 b, with a mass of about 0.456_(−0.051)^(+0.055) MJ, and a very low mass companion star with a mass of about 96.5 ± 1.5 MJ, TOI-1251 B. Exoplanet candidates provided by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) are suitable for further follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes with small and medium apertures. The analysis is performed based on data from several telescopes worldwide, including telescopes in the Sino-German multiband photometric campaign, which aimed at confirming TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) using ground-based small-aperture and medium-aperture telescopes, especially for long-period targets. TOI-1194 b is confirmed based on the consistent periodic transit depths from the multiband photometric data. We measure an orbital period of 2.310644 ± 0.000001 days, the radius is 0.767_(−0.041)^(+0.045) RJ and the amplitude of the RV curve is 69.4_(−7.3)^(+7.9) m s−1. TOI-1251 B is confirmed based on the multiband photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data, whose orbital period is 5.963054−0.000001+0.000002 days, radius is 0.947_(−0.033)^(+0.035) RJ and amplitude of the RV curve is 9849₋₄₀⁺⁴² m s−1.

Copyright and License

© 2024. National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd.

Acknowledgement

We thank Dr. David W. Latham and the TRES team for providing the TRES results and helpful suggestions that improved the manuscript. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. U1831209 and U2031144) and the research fund of Ankara University (BAP) through the project 18A0759001. This paper refers to some data which are publicly available from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST), collected by the TESS mission. The TESS mission is funded by NASA's Science Mission directorate. We acknowledge the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) SG1, SG2, SG3 and SG4 for the disposition of candidates, and the use of public TOI Release data from pipelines at the TESS Science Office (TSO) and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. This research has made use of data obtained from the portal exoplanet.eu of The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program.

This article is partly based on observations made with the FLWO/TRES, NOT/FIES and MuSCAT2. We acknowledge the support of the staff of the Xinglong 60 cm, 80 cm, 85 cm and 2.16 m telescopes. This work was partially supported by the Open Project Program of the CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences. We acknowledge the support of the staff of Qingdao Aishan Observatory, Nanshan Observatory, Weihai Observatory, Skyline Observatory, Muztaga Observatory, Lijiang Gemini Observatory and Xingming Observatory. Some of the observations in this paper made use of the High-Resolution Imaging instrument 'Alopeke and were obtained under Gemini LLP Proposal Number: GN/S-2021A-LP-105. 'Alopeke was funded by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program and built at the NASA Ames Research Center by Steve B. Howell, Nic Scott, Elliott P. Horch, and Emmett Quigley. 'Alopeke was mounted on the Gemini North telescope of the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF's OIR Lab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation, on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovções e Comunicações (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea).

This work made use of Astropy 23 : a community-developed core Python package and an ecosystem of tools and resources for astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 201320182022). This work made use of Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Numpy (van der Walt et al. 2011), PyEphem and PyTransit (Parviainen 2015). This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement.

This paper makes use of EXOFAST (Eastman et al. 2013) as provided by the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program.

Additional details

Created:
March 18, 2024
Modified:
March 18, 2024