Discovery of SN 2025wny: A Strongly Gravitationally Lensed Superluminous Supernova at z = 2.01

Abstract

Copyright and License

© 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

Acknowledgement

We thank Stefan Taubenberger for sharing the HOLISMOKES team’s presubmission draft on this object (S. Taubenberger et al. 2025), following our AstroNote on the classification of SN 2025wny.

A.G. acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council through project Dnr 2020-03444 and the Swedish National Space Agency, Dnr 2023-00226.

C.L. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodovska-Curie grant agreement No. 101105725.

A.G. acknowledges financial support from the research project grant “Understanding the Dynamic Universe” funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg under Dnr KAW 2018.0067, Vetenskapsradet, the Swedish Research Council through grants project Dnr 2020-03444, the G.R.E.A.T re- search environment, Dnr 2016-06012, and the Swedish National Space Agency, Dnr 2023-00226.

S.D. acknowledges support from UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) under the UK government’s Horizon Europe funding Guarantee EP/Z000475/1.

E.M. acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council under Dnr VR 2024-03927.

A.A.M. is supported by DoE award # DE-SC0025599 to Northwestern University and by Cottrell Scholar Award # CS-CSA-2025-059 from Re- search Corporation for Science Advancement.

Funded in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2094 – 390783311.

Funded by the European Union (ERC, project number 101042299, TransPIre).

Based on observations obtained with the 48 inch Samuel Oschin Telescope and the 60 inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Award 2407588 and a partnership including Caltech, USA; Caltech/IPAC, USA; University of Maryland, USA; University of California, Berkeley, USA; University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, USA; Cornell University, USA; Drexel University, USA; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Institute of Science and Technology, Austria; National Central University, Taiwan; and OKC, University of Stockholm, Sweden. Operations are conducted by Caltech’s Optical Observatory (COO), Caltech/IPAC, and the University of Washington at Seattle, USA.

The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.

Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, owned in collaboration by the University of Turku and Aarhus University, and operated jointly by Aarhus University, the University of Turku, and the University of Oslo, representing Denmark, Finland, and Norway, the University of Iceland, and Stockholm University at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. The NOT data were obtained under program ID P70-501.

Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.

Facilities

Keck:I - KECK I Telescope (LRIS), NOT - Nordic Optical Telescope (ALFOSC), Liverpool:2m - Liverpool 2 meter telesope at Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, PO:1.2m - Palomar Observatory's 1.2 meter Samuel Oschin Telescope.

Software References

Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018, 2022), Matplotlib (J. D. Hunter 2007).