Quantum Entanglement between Optical and Microwave Photonic Qubits
Creators
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1.
California Institute of Technology
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2.
University of Chicago
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3.
Jet Propulsion Lab
Abstract
Entanglement is an extraordinary feature of quantum mechanics. Sources of entangled optical photons were essential to test the foundations of quantum physics through violations of Bell's inequalities. More recently, entangled many-body states have been realized via strong nonlinear interactions in microwave circuits with superconducting qubits. Here, we demonstrate a chip-scale source of entangled optical and microwave photonic qubits. Our device platform integrates a piezo-optomechanical transducer with a superconducting resonator which is robust under optical illumination. We drive a photon-pair generation process and employ a dual-rail encoding intrinsic to our system to prepare entangled states of microwave and optical photons. We place a lower bound on the fidelity of the entangled state by measuring microwave and optical photons in two orthogonal bases. This entanglement source can directly interface telecom wavelength time-bin qubits and gigahertz frequency superconducting qubits, two well-established platforms for quantum communication and computation, respectively.
Copyright and License
Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.
Acknowledgement
The authors thank A. Butler, G. Kim, M. Mirhosseini, and A. Sipahigil for helpful discussions and B. Baker and M. McCoy for experimental support. We appreciate MIT Lincoln Laboratories for providing the traveling-wave parametric amplifier used in the microwave readout chain in our experimental setup. NbN deposition during the fabrication process was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
Funding
This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO)/Laboratory for Physical Sciences (LPS) Cross Quantum Technology Systems program (Grant No. W911NF-18-1-0103), the ARO/LPS Modular Quantum Gates (ModQ) program (Grant No. W911NF-23-1-0254), the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science National Quantum Information Science Research Centers (Q-NEXT, Grant No. DE-AC02-06CH11357), the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter (IQIM), an NSF Physics Frontiers Center (Grant No. PHY-1125565) with support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kavli Nanoscience Institute at Caltech, and the AWS Center for Quantum Computing. L. J. acknowledges support from the AFRL (FA8649-21-P-0781), NSF (ERC-1941583 and OMA-2137642), and the Packard Foundation (2020-71479). S. M. acknowledges support from the IQIM Postdoctoral Fellowship.
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PhysRevX.14.031055.pdf
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Additional details
Related works
- Is new version of
- Discussion Paper: arXiv:2312.13559 (arXiv)
Funding
- United States Army Research Office
- W911NF-18-1-0103
- United States Army Research Office
- W911NF-23-1-0254
- United States Department of Energy
- DE-AC02-06CH11357
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology
- NSF Physics Frontiers Center
- PHY-1125565
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology
- AWS Center for Quantum Computing
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory
- FA8649-21-P-0781
- National Science Foundation
- ERC-1941583
- National Science Foundation
- OMA-2137642
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- 2020-71479
Dates
- Accepted
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2024-08-05Accepted